Weather and climate

Weather and climate are distinct yet interconnected components of Earth's atmospheric system. Weather refers to the short-term conditions of the atmosphere at a specific time and place, including elements such as temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind speed, and visibility. It can change rapidly, varying from day to day or even hour to hour. In contrast, climate describes the long-term average of weather patterns over extended periods, typically measured over 30 years or more. Climate encompasses broader trends such as the typical range of temperatures, seasonal rainfall patterns, and the frequency of extreme events like droughts or storms. While weather provides immediate conditions that affect daily activities, climate defines the typical environmental conditions that shape ecosystems, agricultural practices, and long-term planning for infrastructure and communities. Understanding both weather and climate is essential for predicting short-term hazards and for planning to mitigate the long-term impacts of climate change.